law terminology

1) закон; право ( як система законів); правознавство, законознавство; юстиція; професія юриста; суд, судовий процес, судова процедура; розм. юристи; правило; the law розм. поліція, поліцейський

2) атриб. юридичний, законний, правовий

•

- law-abiding

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[English Word] Islamic law

[Swahili Word] masala

[Part of Speech] noun

[Note] rare

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[English Word] law

[English Plural] laws

[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Terminology] legal

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[English Word] law

[Swahili Word] kahuni

[Part of Speech] noun

[Derived Word] kahini

[Note] rare

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[English Word] law

[Swahili Word] kanuni

[Swahili Plural] kanuni

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[English Word] law

[Swahili Word] sharia

[Swahili Plural] sharia

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[English Example] law and separation (separation of powers?)

[Swahili Example] sheria na utengamano.

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[English Word] law

[English Plural] laws

[Swahili Word] sheria

[Swahili Plural] sheria

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[English Word] law (practice of)

[Swahili Word] uanasheria

[Part of Speech] noun

[Swahili Example] uanasheria wa kisasa ni tofauti na ule wa kizamani

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[English Word] one who violates the law

[Swahili Word] mkosaji

[Swahili Plural] wakosaji

[Part of Speech] noun

[Derived Word] kosa V

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[English Word] one who violates the law

[Swahili Word] mkosefu

[Swahili Plural] wakosefu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Derived Word] kosa V

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[English Word] one who violates the law

[Swahili Word] mkosi

[Swahili Plural] wakosi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Derived Word] kosa V

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[English Word] pass a law

[Swahili Word] -pisha sheria

[Part of Speech] verb

[Class] causative

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[English Word] prescriptive law

[Swahili Word] dasturi

[Part of Speech] noun

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[English Word] prescriptive law

[Swahili Word] desturi

[Part of Speech] noun

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சொல்லியல்

கலைச்சொல்தொகுதி

சொற்றொகுதி

சொல்லியல், கலைச் சொல்லியல்

சொல்லியல், குறிப்பிட்டத்துறைக்குரிய சொல்லாட்சி

Религия: ахл ашшариа

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[English Word] tree

[English Plural] trees

[Swahili Word] mti

[Swahili Plural] miti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Related Words] jiti, kijiti, ujiti, uti

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[English Word] tree (large)

[Swahili Word] jiti

[Swahili Plural] majiti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] mti N

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[English Word] small tree

[English Plural] small trees

[Swahili Word] njiti

[Swahili Plural] njiti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[English Word] small tree

[English Plural] small trees

[Swahili Word] kijiti

[Swahili Plural] vijiti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] mti

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[English Word] tree (tall and slender)

[Swahili Word] ujiti

[Swahili Plural] njiti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 11/10

[Derived Word] mti n

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] stunted tree

[English Plural] stunted trees

[Swahili Word] kingune

[Swahili Plural] vingune

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

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[English Word] group of trees

[English Plural] groups of trees

[Swahili Word] kichaka

[Swahili Plural] vichaka

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Related Words] chaka

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[English Word] kind of creeping thorny tree

[Swahili Word] mpapura-pumbu

[Swahili Plural] mipapura-pumbu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] papura V, pumbu N

[Swahili Example] wakipapura miundi yao kwa mikekewa na mipapura-pumbu [Moh]

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[English Word] kind of hardwood tree

[Swahili Word] mpweke

[Swahili Plural] mipweke

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree

[Taxonomy] Bridelia zanzibarensis

[Swahili Word] mkarakala

[Swahili Plural] mikarakala

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] kind of thorny tree

[Swahili Word] mkareti

[Swahili Plural] miakareti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Swahili Example] katu hakukubali kuuchezea mkareti ukamparura [Moh]

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[English Word] kind of tree with edible fruit

[Swahili Word] msambia

[Swahili Plural] misambia

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree

[Swahili Word] msindusi

[Swahili Plural] misindusi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] msunguti tree

[English Plural] msunguti trees

[Taxonomy] Acokanthera longiflora

[Swahili Word] msunguti

[Swahili Plural] misunguti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] kind of tree

[Taxonomy] Bridelia zanzibarensis

[Swahili Word] mtututu

[Swahili Plural] mitututu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] kind of tree (the bark is used for making cloth)

[Swahili Word] muyombo

[Swahili Plural] miyombo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree (the bark is used for making cloth)

[Swahili Word] myombo

[Swahili Plural] miyombo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree ( the leaves are used to prepare a medicine)

[Swahili Word] msuko

[Swahili Plural] misuko

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] -suka

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[English Word] kind of tree ( the leaves are used to prepare a medicine)

[Swahili Word] msukosuko

[Swahili Plural] misukosuko

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree (a remedy for stomach complaints is prepared from its roots)

[Swahili Word] mviru

[Swahili Plural] miviru

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] muru

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[English Word] kind of tree (the roots are used to prepare a medicine)

[Swahili Word] msusu

[Swahili Plural] misusu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree (the roots are used for preparing a medicine)

[Swahili Word] mzuzu

[Swahili Plural] mizuzu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] kind of tree (twigs from this tree are used for cleansing the teeth)

[Taxonomy] Dobera loranthifolia

[Swahili Word] msiga

[Swahili Plural] misiga

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] leafless tree (type)

[Swahili Word] chakaazi

[Swahili Plural] chakaazi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[English Word] mchokochore (kind of tree)

[English Plural] mchokochore trees

[Swahili Word] mchokochore

[Swahili Plural] michokochore

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Note] This tree is said to signal the end of the rainy season when its flowers fall.

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[English Word] mjafari (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Erythrina tomentosa

[Swahili Word] mjafari

[Swahili Plural] mijafari

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mjoja (kind of tree the wood of which is used for building boats)

[Swahili Word] mjoja

[Swahili Plural] mijoja

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] mjoja (kind of tree the wood of which is used for building boats)

[Swahili Word] mjoo

[Swahili Plural] mijoo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] mkunazi (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Zizyphus jujuba

[Swahili Word] mkunazi

[Swahili Plural] mikunazi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] kunazi N

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mkunguma (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Sorindeia usambaraensis

[Swahili Word] mkunguma

[Swahili Plural] mikunguma

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mkunungu (kind of tree the leaves of which are eaten as a vegetable)

[Swahili Word] mkunungu

[Swahili Plural] mikunungu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] mkurungu (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Pterocarpus chrysothrix

[Swahili Word] mkurungu

[Swahili Plural] mikurungu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mkwara (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Millettia bussei

[Swahili Word] mkwara

[Swahili Plural] mikwara

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mlalangwa (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Ficus bussei

[Swahili Word] mlalangwa

[Swahili Plural] milalangwa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mlangali (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Euphorbia

[Swahili Word] mlangali

[Swahili Plural] milangali

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mliwa (kind of tree)

[Taxonomy] Spirostachys africana

[Swahili Word] mliwa

[Swahili Plural] miliwa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] liwa N

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mluziluzi (kind of tree; the seed pods make a whistling sound in the wind)

[Swahili Word] mluziluzi

[Swahili Plural] miluziluzi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] uluzi N

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[English Word] mzeze (kind of tree)

[Swahili Word] mzeze

[Swahili Plural] mizeze

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] zeze N

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[English Word] species of tree

[Swahili Word] mtalawanda

[Swahili Plural] mitalawanda

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] thorn tree species

[Swahili Word] msaro

[Swahili Plural] misaro

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] tree

[Taxonomy] Baphia kirikii

[Swahili Word] mkarati

[Swahili Plural] mikarati

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree

[Taxonomy] Albizzia lebbek

[Swahili Word] mkingu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree

[Taxonomy] Baphia kirikii

[Swahili Word] mkuruti

[Swahili Plural] mikuruti

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree

[Taxonomy] Sterculia appendiculata

[Swahili Word] mparamuzi

[Swahili Plural] miparamuzi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree

[Taxonomy] Rauwolfia sp.

[Swahili Word] mwango

[Swahili Plural] miango

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree from the bark of which a yellow dye is prepared

[Swahili Word] muungamo

[Swahili Plural] miungamo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] ungamo V

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree from the bark of which a yellow dye is prepared

[Swahili Word] mwungamo

[Swahili Plural] miungamo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] ungamo V

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[English Plural] trees

[Swahili Word] mfufumaji

[Swahili Plural] mifufumaji

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[Swahili Word] minyara

[Part of Speech] noun

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[Swahili Word] mkakasi

[Swahili Plural] mikakasi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] mkamachuma tree

[English Plural] mkamachuma trees

[Swahili Word] mkamachuma

[Swahili Plural] mikamachuma

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[Swahili Word] mkasasi

[Swahili Plural] mikakasi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[Swahili Word] mkole

[Swahili Plural] mikole

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] tree (kind of which the bark is used for medicine)

[Swahili Word] mkaa

[Swahili Plural] mikaa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[English Plural] trees

[Taxonomy] Cordia abyssinica

[Swahili Word] msumari

[Swahili Plural] misumari

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Dialect] Kimvita

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[English Plural] trees

[Taxonomy] Cordia holstii

[Swahili Word] msumari

[Swahili Plural] misumari

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Dialect] Kimvita

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (kind of)

[English Plural] trees

[Taxonomy] Markhamia zanzibarica

[Swahili Word] mtawanda

[Swahili Plural] mitawanda

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Dialect] Kimvita

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species

[Taxonomy] Encephalartos villosus

[Swahili Word] mkarabaka

[Swahili Plural] mikarabaka

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species

[Taxonomy] Sterculia cinerea

[Swahili Word] mboza

[Swahili Plural] miboza

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species

[Taxonomy] Carapa moluccensis

[Swahili Word] mkomafi

[Swahili Plural] mikomafi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species

[Taxonomy] Bauhinia thonningii

[Swahili Word] msegese

[Swahili Plural] misegese

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species (famous for its lumber and now protected by law)

[Swahili Word] mninga

[Swahili Plural] mininga

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species used for making dugout canoes

[Swahili Word] mrili

[Swahili Plural] mirili

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree species with yellow blossoms

[Taxonomy] Parinarium curatellaefolium

[Swahili Word] mbura

[Swahili Plural] mibura

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree used for fishing line preservation in the past

[Taxonomy] Trema guineensis

[Swahili Word] mpesi

[Swahili Plural] mipesi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Dialect] Kimvita

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] tree (variety of)

[English Plural] trees

[Swahili Word] kiua mwitu

[Swahili Plural] viua mwitu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

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[English Word] tree variety with poisonous bark

[Swahili Word] mwavi

[Swahili Plural] miavi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Dialect] archaic

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[English Word] tree species with small edible berries

[English Plural] trees

[Swahili Word] mfufu

[Swahili Plural] mifufu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Related Words] fuu

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mchamvya tree (with edible fruit)

[English Plural] mchamvya trees

[Taxonomy] Pachystela sacleuxii

[Swahili Word] mchamvya

[Swahili Plural] michamvya

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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[English Word] mchocha tree (with edible fruit)

[English Plural] mchocha trees

[Taxonomy] Pachystela sacleuxii

[Swahili Word] mchocha

[Swahili Plural] michocha

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Terminology] botany

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Item(s) below have not yet been grouped within the headword tree

[English Word] tree (species that is used for hoe handles)

[English Plural] trees

[Swahili Word] mtambaa jongoo

[Swahili Plural] mitambaa jongoo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Related Words] jongoo

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1) General subject: technical terms of law, legal jargon

2) Law: terms of law

3) Advertising: judicial terminology

4) Patents: juridical terminology

5) leg.N.P. juristic terminology, legal terminology

6) Makarov: law language, legal language

jural;

juridical;

juristic;

legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] right

[English Plural] rights

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Swahili Example] nipe haki yangu; takia haki

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] justice

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Swahili Example] shika (fanya) haki; mtu mwenye haki

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] claim (legal)

[English Plural] claims

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Swahili Example] nipe haki yangu; takia haki

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] fairness

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] law

[English Plural] laws

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] legality

[English Plural] legalities

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] privilege

[English Plural] privileges

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] truth

[English Plural] truths

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[Swahili Word] haki

[Swahili Plural] haki

[English Word] love of truth

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

[Swahili Example] shika (fanya) haki; mtu mwenye haki

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[Swahili Word] haki ya binadamu

[Swahili Plural] haki ya binadamu

[English Word] human right

[English Plural] human rights

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Terminology] legal

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[Swahili Word] haki za uvumbuzi

[English Word] intellectual property rights

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 10

[Related Words] haki, uvumbuzi

[Swahili Example] Mkataba juu ya Haki za Uvumbuzi za Kibiashara (http://www.worldbank.org/afr/ik/swahili/swik19.htm Benki ya Dunia)

[English Example] Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) (http://www.worldbank.org/afr/ik/swahili/swik19.htm World Bank)

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[Swahili Word] -a haki

[English Word] just

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] stahika, stahiki, ustahiki

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[Swahili Word] -pigania haki

[English Word] fight for justice

[Part of Speech] verb

[Swahili Definition] kupigani hali ya kuwa ni mustahiki wa jambo

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[Swahili Word] haki

[English Word] it (does) not (class 7)

[Part of Speech] verb subject

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1 in force (ley).

2 in use, as currently conducted, in effect, in force.

La ley en curso The law in effect...

* * *

► adjetivo

1 in force, valid

* * *

* * *

ADJ [ley, reglamento] current, in force; [tarifa] current

* * *

a) <pasaporte/contrato> valid

b) <argumento/razón> valid

* * *

= alive, current, in effect, in force, actively maintained.

Ex. Armstrong Sperry's 'Call It Courage' is now some years old but still to my mind an attractive and alive book.

Ex. Current trends favour cataloguing practices which can be applied to a variety of library materials.

Ex. Catalogers are reluctant to adopt new terminology unless they can be assured that new terms will remain in effect for the foreseeable future.

Ex. Despite what amounts to undercutting by direct sale publishers calling themselves 'book clubs', the British net book agreement has remained in force until the present day.

Ex. Librarians who have established diverse, actively maintained graphic novel collections tend to agree on this point = Los bibliotecarios que han creado colecciones de novelas gráficas diversas y actualizadas tienden a coincidir en este punto.

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* campeón vigente, el = defending champion.

* legislación vigente = governing law.

* leyes vigentes, leyes = the law of the land.

* mantenerse vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.

* mantener vigente = keep + alive.

* no vigente = non-current.

* publicación seriada vigente = active serial.

* seguir vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.

* * *

a) <pasaporte/contrato> valid

b) <argumento/razón> valid

* * *

* * *

las instituciones democráticas vigentes the existing democratic institutions, the democratic institutions currently in force

de acuerdo con la legislación vigente in accordance with the legislation currently in force o with current legislation

el acuerdo firmado hace cinco años continúa vigente the agreement signed five years ago is still in force o in effect

precios vigentes hasta fin de mes prices valid o applicable until the end of the month

* * *

◊ estar vigente [ ley] to be in force

* * *

vigente adj

según la normativa vigente… according to the current regulations o the regulations currently in force…;

el contrato estará vigente durante tres años the contract will run o be valid for three years;

la tregua sigue vigente the ceasefire is still in force

* * *

adj legislación in force

* * *

vigente adj

: valid, in force

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[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] bahkshishi

[Swahili Plural] bahkshishi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] bakshishi

[Swahili Plural] bakshishi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] baraka

[Swahili Plural] baraka

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Language] Arabic

[Related Words] -bariki, kibaraka, tabaruki

[Note] rare

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] hatia

[Swahili Plural] hatia

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Language] Arabic

[Note] rare

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] hiba

[Swahili Plural] hiba

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] hongera

[Swahili Plural] hongera

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] -honga

[English Example] he might see that gift as a note like other money Shangwe got from other people

[Swahili Example] angeiona ile noti hongera kama hela nyingine Shangwe alizopewa na watu wengine [Muk]

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] jazi

[Swahili Plural] majazi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] -jaa V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] jazi

[Swahili Plural] majazi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] jaza

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] jazua

[Part of Speech] noun

[Derived Word] jaza

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] kipaji

[Swahili Plural] vipaji

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] -pa

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] kipawa

[Swahili Plural] vipawa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] -pa

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] maelekeo

[Swahili Plural] maelekeo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 6/6

[Derived Word] elekea

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] mataka

[Swahili Plural] mataka

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 6/6

[Derived Word] taka V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] matakwa

[Swahili Plural] matakwa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 6/6

[Derived Word] taka V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] paji

[Swahili Plural] mapaji

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[Derived Word] pa

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] pukuso

[Swahili Plural] mapukuso

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] tuza

[Swahili Plural] matuza

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] tuzo

[Swahili Plural] matuzo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] uapo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Note] rare

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] uhondo

[Part of Speech] noun

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] wapo

[Part of Speech] noun

[Note] rare

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] zawadi

[Swahili Plural] zawadi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Language] Arabic

[English Example] For my birthday, my mother gave a <b>gift</b> to me.

[Swahili Example] Kwa sikukuu yangu ya kuzaliwa, mamangu alinipa <b>zawadi</b>.

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] hidaya

[Swahili Plural] hidaya

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Dialect] archaic

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (especially from God)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] thawabu

[Swahili Plural] thawabu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Language] Arabic

[English Example] life is indeed a gift from God that can be counted

[Swahili Example] ndiyo maisha thawabu na yanayohesabika (Shaaban Robert)

[Terminology] religious

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (for midwives who helped at birth)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] jingizi

[Swahili Plural] jingizi

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (given by a bridegroom to his father-in-law)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] kilemba

[Swahili Plural] vilemba

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (given by man to 1st wife when she agrees to his taking a second wife)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] mwago

[Swahili Plural] miago

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] aga V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (of God)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] upaji

[Part of Speech] noun

[Terminology] religious

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (that is expected to be forthcoming)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] ada

[Swahili Plural] maada

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 5/6

[English Example] wedding gifts

[Swahili Example] maada ya harusi

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift (unexpected)

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] dafina

[Swahili Plural] dafina

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift from father to teacher on matriculation of child

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] koto

[Swahili Plural] koto

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift given by a person who holds a baby for the first time (both to wish the infant good luck and to indicate that the person holding the child has no ill-feelings toward it).

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] fola

[Part of Speech] noun

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift given by a suitor to a girl's father

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] uchumba

[Part of Speech] noun

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift given by a young man to a girl's maternal uncle, who then presents it to the girl's father as evidence of a proposal of marriage

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] mkalio

[Swahili Plural] mikalio

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] kaa V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift given by the bridegroom to the bride's attendants

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] mkalio

[Swahili Plural] mikalio

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

[Derived Word] kaa V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift given by the family of the bridegroom to the mother of the bride

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] mkaja

[Swahili Plural] mikaja

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 3/4

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift made by bridegroom to those who open door to bride's room on wedding day

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] kifungua mlango

[Swahili Plural] vifungua mlango

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Derived Language] Swahili

[Derived Word] -fungua, mlango

[Terminology] anthropology

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift of the bridegroom to the bride after entering the bedroom

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] kipakasa

[Swahili Plural] vipakasa

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Related Words] kipa

[Terminology] anthropology

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift on plate for bridal pair at wedding

[English Plural] gifts

[Swahili Word] upatu

[Swahili Plural] patu

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 11/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gift or food given to campaign supporters

[English Plural] gifts or food given to campaign supporters

[Swahili Word] takrima

[Swahili Plural] takrima

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Related Words] ukarimu

[Terminology] political

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] gracious gift esp. from God

[English Plural] gracious gifts

[Swahili Word] karama

[Swahili Plural] karama

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Derived Word] kirimu V

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] valuable gift

[English Plural] valuable gifts

[Swahili Word] adia

[Swahili Plural] adia

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Dialect] archaic

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] valuable gift

[English Plural] valuable gifts

[Swahili Word] hadaya

[Swahili Plural] hadaya

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] valuable gift

[English Plural] valuable gifts

[Swahili Word] hedaya

[Swahili Plural] hedaya

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[English Word] valuable gift

[English Plural] valuable gifts

[Swahili Word] tunu

[Part of Speech] noun

------------------------------------------------------------

1 to affect.

las medidas afectan a los pensionistas the measures affect pensioners

La conversación afecta sus ideas The conversation affects his ideas.

La tensión nerviosa afecta a María Stress affects Mary.

2 to upset, to affect badly.

le afectó mucho la muerte de su hermano his brother's death hit him hard

3 to damage.

a esta madera le afecta mucho la humedad this wood is easily damaged by damp

4 to affect, to feign.

afectó enfado he feigned o affected anger

María afecta interés pero no es así Mary feigns interest but it is not so.

5 to pretend to.

El chico afecta saber mucho The boy pretends to know a lot.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 (aparentar) to affect

■ afectar la voz to talk in an affected way

2 (impresionar) to move

3 (dañar) to damage

4 (concernir) to concern

► verbo pronominal afectarse

1 (impresionarse) to be affected, be moved

* * *

1) to affect

2) feign

* * *

1. VT

1) (=repercutir sobre) to affect

2) (=entristecer) to sadden; (=conmover) to move

3) frm (=fingir) to affect, feign

4) (Jur) to tie up, encumber

5) LAm [+ forma] to take, assume

6) LAm (=destinar) to allocate

afectarse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( tener efecto en) to affect

b) ( afligir) to affect (frml)

2) ( fingir) <admiración/indiferencia> to affect, feign

* * *

= affect, colour [color, -USA], cut into, disturb, hit, impair, mar, plague, take + Posesivo + toll (on), beset (with/by), concern, afflict, disrupt, bias, prejudice, cross over, bedevil, dog, dent, make + a dent in, ail, strike, spill over into, take + a toll on, hobble, cast + an impact.

Ex. Errors such as indexers assigning unsuitable terms to concepts, or relationships being omitted, will affect precision.

Ex. Lastly, the style, length and contents of an abstract should and will be coloured by the resources of the abstracting agency.

Ex. The paperback has cut sharply into fiction circulation, and Ennis is right in questioning this type of library.

Ex. Transcribe the data as found, however, if case endings are affected, if the grammatical construction of the data would be disturbed, or if one element is inseparably linked to another.

Ex. Flooding, fire, earthquake, collapsed buildings and landslides are the most frequent kinds of disasters to hit libraries: nearly all will lead to wet books.

Ex. It is difficult to neglect either entirely, without impairing the effectiveness in fulfilling the other objective.

Ex. Unfortunately, much of Metcalfe's writing is marred by what appears to be a deep-rooted prejudice against the classified approach, particularly as exemplified by Ranganathan.

Ex. Title indexes have always been plagued by the absence of terminology control.

Ex. The pressures which modern society puts on all its members are great and those pressures take their toll.

Ex. Since 1963 they have produced their own bibliographic listings with various degrees of efficiency and comprehensiveness but usually with the same depressing tardiness in recording new publications which has so beset the UNDEX listings.

Ex. The first issue concerns the consistent description of subjects.

Ex. There will also be those who have in fact decided what information they need but are afflicted by the paralysis of 'unverbalised thought'.

Ex. Essentially, problem patrons can be considered in three groups: (1) the dangerous or apparently dangerous; (2) the patron who disrupts readers; and (3) the nuisance whose focus is the librarian.

Ex. A sample would be biased if some elements in the population have no chance of selection.

Ex. The very requirements for success in one area may prejudice success in another.

Ex. Conversely, indirect costs are those factors that are difficult to assign to individual products because they cross over several products.

Ex. The article has the title 'Piracy, crooked printers, inflation bedevil Russian publishing'.

Ex. The title of the article is 'Sweeping away the problems that dog the industry?'.

Ex. Perhaps by the year 2010 newspaper circulations might be seriously dented by online services.

Ex. Office automation products and techniques will be able to make a sizeable dent in the growing number of office workers.

Ex. The federal government has been once again defined as something broken and part of the problem ailing America.

Ex. The collections of the National Library of the Czech Republic have suffered from the floods that recently struck a large part of the country.

Ex. The artificiality of institutional concepts has spilled over into the structure of the publishing services on which the user depends for Community information.

Ex. Agoraphobia can take a toll on sufferers' families as well as the sufferers themselves, as some agoraphobics may become housebound or cling to certain people for safety.

Ex. With Florida's no-fault auto insurance law set to expire in October, there are fears that that medical services could be hobbled.

Ex. An interest-rate increase is a weapon to fight inflation which will cast an impact on all industries.

----

* afectar a = cut across, have + impact (on), have + effect on, have + implication for, impinge on/upon, operate on, carry over to.

* afectar a la eficacia de Algo = prejudice + effectiveness.

* afectar al mundo = span + the globe.

* afectar a todo = run through.

* afectar a todo el país = sweep + the country.

* afectar a una decisión = colour + decision, affect + decision.

* afectar completamente = engulf.

* afectar directamente = cut to + the quick.

* afectar directamente a = cut to + the heart of.

* afectar fuertemente = hit + hard.

* afectar mucho = hit + hard.

* dificultad + afectar = difficulty + dog.

* no afectar = be immune against, leave + unaffected.

* no ser afectado = leave + unaffected.

* problema + afectar = problem + afflict, problem + plague.

* problemática que afecta a = issues + surrounding.

* que afecta a = surrounding.

* que afecta a toda la sociedad = culture-wide.

* que afecta a todas las culturas = culture-wide.

* que afecta a varias edades = cross-age [cross age].

* que afecta a varias generaciones = cross-generational.

* ser afectado por = have + a high stake in.

* sin ser afectado = untouched.

* verse muy afectado por = have + a high stake in.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( tener efecto en) to affect

b) ( afligir) to affect (frml)

2) ( fingir) <admiración/indiferencia> to affect, feign

* * *

* * *

afectar [A1 ]

1 (tener efecto en) to affect

la nueva ley no afecta al pequeño empresario the new law doesn't affect the small businessman

está afectado de una grave enfermedad pulmonar ( frml); he is suffering from a serious lung disease

la enfermedad le afectó el cerebro the illness affected her brain

las zonas afectadas por las inundaciones the areas hit o affected by the floods

2 (afligir) to affect ( frml)

lo que dijiste lo afectó mucho what you said upset him terribly

3 ( Der) ‹bienes› to encumber

B (fingir) ‹admiración/indiferencia› to affect, feign afectar + INF to pretend to + INF

* * *

a) ( tener efecto en) to affect;

◊ esto nos afecta a todos this affects us all

b) ( afligir) to affect (frml);

◊ la noticia lo afectó mucho the news upset him terribly

* * *

afectar vt

1. [incumbir] to affect;

las medidas afectan a los pensionistas the measures affect pensioners

2. [afligir] to upset, to affect badly;

todo lo afecta he's very sensitive;

lo afectó mucho la muerte de su hermano his brother's death hit him hard

3. [producir perjuicios en] to damage;

la sequía que afectó a la región the drought which hit the region;

a esta madera le afecta mucho la humedad this wood is easily damaged by damp

4. [simular] to affect, to feign;

afectó enfado he feigned o affected anger

5. RP [destinar, asignar] to assign

* * *

1 ( producir efecto en) affect

2 ( conmover) upset, affect

3 ( fingir) feign

* * *

afectar vt

1) : to affect

2) : to upset

3) : to feign, to pretend

* * *

afectar vb

1. to affect

2. (conmover) to affect / to upset [pt. & pp. upset]

1 to establish.

no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower

la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death

las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…

Establecieron directrices They established guidelines.

Establecieron a Ricardo en la oficina They established Richard at the office.

2 to establish (instalar) (colonia, poblado).

* * *

Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to establish; (fundar) to found, set up

2 (récord) to set

3 (ordenar) to state, lay down, establish

■ tal como establece la ley as the law states

► verbo pronominal establecerse

1 (en un lugar) to settle; (en un negocio) to set up in business

* * *

- establecerse

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ relación, comunicación] to establish

2) (=fundar) [+ empresa] to establish; [+ colonia] to settle

3) (=dictaminar) to state, lay down

4) (=expresar) [+ idea, principio] to establish; [+ norma] to lay down; [+ criterio] to set

5) [+ récord] to set

establecerse

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up

b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish

2) ( dejar sentado)

a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish

c) < uso> to establish

d) <récord/marca/moda> to set

3) ( determinar) to establish

establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up

* * *

= call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.

Ex. The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.

Ex. This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.

Ex. The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.

Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.

Ex. Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.

Ex. He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.

Ex. If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.

Ex. The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.

Ex. Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.

Ex. Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.

Ex. She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.

Ex. The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.

Ex. MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.

----

* establecer alianzas = make + alliances.

* establecer canales para = establish + channels for.

* establecer características = lay down + features.

* establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.

* establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.

* establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.

* establecer contacto = make + contact.

* establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).

* establecer contactos profesionales = networking.

* establecer criterios para = make + provision for.

* establecer directrices = chart + direction.

* establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.

* establecer el contexto = set + context.

* establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.

* establecer el tema = set + the theme.

* establecer el tono = set + the theme.

* establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.

* establecer lazos afectivos = bond.

* establecer límites = draw + limits.

* establecer norma = legislate.

* establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.

* establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.

* establecer normativa = govern.

* establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.

* establecer reglas = make + provision.

* establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.

* establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.

* establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.

* establecerse = settle in, settle down.

* establecer sectores = sectoring.

* establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.

* establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.

* establecer una condición = specify + requirement.

* establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.

* establecer una convención = establish + convention.

* establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.

* establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.

* establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.

* establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.

* establecer una política = institute + policy.

* establecer una regla = frame + rule.

* establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.

* establecer un límite = set + limit.

* establecer un norma = give + prescription.

* establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.

* establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.

* establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.

* establecer un record = establish + a record.

* establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.

* establecer valores = establish + values.

* establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.

* volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1)

a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up

b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish

2) ( dejar sentado)

a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish

c) < uso> to establish

d) <récord/marca/moda> to set

3) ( determinar) to establish

establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up

* * *

* * *

establecer [E3 ]

1 ‹colonia› to establish; ‹campamento› to set up

estableció su residencia en Mónaco he took up residence in Monaco

2 ‹relaciones/comunicaciones/contacto› to establish

3 ‹dictadura› to establish, set up

B (dejar sentado)

1 ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down; ‹precio› to fix, set

conviene dejar establecido que … we should make it clear that …

establecer un precedente to establish o set a precedent

2 ( frml); «ley/reglamento» (disponer) to state, establish

como se establece en la Constitución as laid down o established in the Constitution

tres veces el precio establecido por la ley three times the legal price

3 ‹uso› to establish; ‹moda› to set

4 ‹récord/marca› to set

C (determinar) to establish

no se ha podido establecer qué fue lo que ocurrió it has been impossible to ascertain o establish exactly what happened

1 «colono/emigrante» to settle

2 «comerciante/empresa» to set up

se estableció por su cuenta he set up his own business ( o practice etc), he set up on his own

* * *

a) ‹colonia/dictadura› to establish;

◊ estableció su residencia en Mónaco he took up residence in Monaco

b) ‹relaciones/contacto› to establish

a) ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down;

b) (frml) [ley/reglamento] ( disponer) to state, establish

c) ‹récord/marca/moda› to set;

* * *

♦ vt

1. [instalar] [colonia, poblado] to establish;

establecer residencia en to take up residence in

2. [fijar, emprender] [régimen, relaciones, comunicación] to establish;

no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower

3. [expresar] [principios, criterios] to establish, to lay down;

estableció las bases de la física moderna he laid the foundations of modern physics

4. [estipular] to state, to stipulate;

las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…;

según establece la ley,… as stipulated by law,…

5. [averiguar] to establish, to determine;

la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death

♦ See also the pronominal verb establecerse

* * *

1 establish

2 negocio set up

* * *

establecer {53} vt

fundar, instituir: to establish, to found, to set up

♦ See also the reflexive verb establecerse

* * *

establecer vb

1. (crear) to set up [pt. & pp. set]

2. (demostrar) to establish

3. (ordenar) to state

ж. terminology, nomenclature;
научная ~ scientific terminology;
техническая ~ technical terminology.

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[Swahili Word] taurati

[English Word] Pentateuch

[Part of Speech] noun

[Terminology] religious

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[Swahili Word] taurati

[English Word] the Pentateuch

[Part of Speech] noun

[Terminology] religious

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[Swahili Word] taurati

[English Word] torah

[Part of Speech] noun

[Terminology] religious

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[Swahili Word] taurati

[English Word] Torah (Jewish law)

[Part of Speech] noun

[Terminology] religious

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νόμος, ου, ὁ (νέμω; [Zenodotus reads ν. in Od. 1, 3] Hes.+; loanw. in rabb.—On the history of the word MPohlenz, Nomos: Philol 97, ’48, 135–42; GShipp, Nomos ‘Law’ ’78; MOstwald, Nomos and the Beginnings of Athenian Democracy ’69). The primary mng. relates to that which is conceived as standard or generally recognized rules of civilized conduct esp. as sanctioned by tradition (Pind., Fgm. 152, 1=169 Schr. νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς; cp. SEG XVII, 755, 16: Domitian is concerned about oppressive practices hardening into ‘custom’; MGigante, ΝΟΜΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ [Richerche filologiche 1] ’56). The synonym ἔθος (cp. συνήθεια) denotes that which is habitual or customary, especially in reference to personal behavior. In addition to rules that take hold through tradition, the state or other legislating body may enact ordinances that are recognized by all concerned and in turn become legal tradition. A special semantic problem for modern readers encountering the term ν. is the general tendency to confine the usage of the term ‘law’ to codified statutes. Such limitation has led to much fruitless debate in the history of NT interpretation.—HRemus, Sciences Religieuses/Studies in Religion 13, ’84, 5–18; ASegal, Torah and Nomos in Recent Scholarly Discussion, ibid., 19–27.

① a procedure or practice that has taken hold, a custom, rule, principle, norm (Alcman [VII B.C.], Fgm. 93 D² of the tune that the bird sings; Ocellus [II B.C.] c. 49 Harder [1926] τῆς φύσεως νόμος; Appian, Basil. 1 §2 πολέμου ν., Bell. Civ. 5, 44 §186 ἐκ τοῦδε τοῦ σοῦ νόμου=under this rule of yours that governs action; Polyaenus 5, 5, 3 ν. πόμπης; 7, 11, 6 ν. φιλίας; Sextus 123 τοῦ βίου νόμος; Just., A II, 2, 4 παρὰ τὸν τῆς φύσεως ν.; Ath. 3, 1 νόμῳ φύσεως; 13, 1 θυσιῶν νόμῳ)

ⓐ gener. κατὰ νόμον ἐντολῆς σαρκίνης in accordance w. the rule of an external commandment Hb 7:16. εὑρίσκω τὸν νόμον I observe an established procedure or principle or system Ro 7:21 (ν. as ‘principle’, i.e. an unwritten rightness of things Soph., Ant. 908). According to Bauer, Paul uses the expression νόμος (which dominates this context) in cases in which he prob. would have preferred another word. But it is also prob. that Paul purposely engages in wordplay to heighten the predicament of those who do not rely on the gospel of liberation from legal constraint: the Apostle speaks of a principle that obligates one to observe a code of conduct that any sensible pers. would recognize as sound and valid ὁ νόμος τ. νοός μου vs. 23b (s. νοῦς 1a). Engaged in a bitter struggle w. this νόμος there is a ἕτερος νόμος which, in contrast to the νοῦς, dwells ἐν τοῖς μέλεσίν μου in my (physical) members vs. 23a, and hence is a νόμος τῆς ἁμαρτίας vs. 23c and 25b or a νόμος τ. ἁμαρτίας καὶ τ. θανάτου 8:2b. This sense prepares the way for the specific perspective

ⓑ of life under the lordship of Jesus Christ as a ‘new law’ or ‘system’ of conduct that constitutes an unwritten tradition ὁ καινὸς ν. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 2:6; in brief ν. Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ IMg 2 (cp. Just., D. 11, 4; 43, 1; Mel., P. 7, 46). Beginnings of this terminology as early as Paul: ὁ ν. τοῦ Χριστοῦ =the standard set by Christ Gal 6:2 (as vs. 3 intimates, Christ permitted himself to be reduced to nothing, thereby setting the standard for not thinking oneself to be someth.). The gospel is a νόμος πίστεως a law or system requiring faith Ro 3:27b (FGerhard, TZ 10, ’54, 401–17) or ὁ ν. τοῦ πνεύματος τῆς ζωῆς ἐν Χρ. Ἰ. the law of the spirit (=the spirit-code) of life in Chr. J. 8:2a. In the same sense Js speaks of a ν. βασιλικός (s. βασιλικός) 2:8 or ν. ἐλευθερίας vs. 12 (λόγος ἐλ. P⁷⁴), ν. τέλειος ὁ τῆς ἐλευθερίας 1:25 (association w. 1QS 10:6, 8, 11 made by EStauffer, TLZ 77, ’52, 527–32, is rejected by SNötscher, Biblica 34, ’53, 193f. On the theme of spontaneous moral achievement cp. Pind., Fgm. 152 [169 Schr.] 1f νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεὺς | θνατῶν τε καὶ ἀθανάτων | ἄγει δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον| ὑπερτάτᾳ χειρί=custom is lord of all, of mortals and immortals both, and with strong hand directs the utmost power of the just. Plut., Mor. 780c interprets Pindar’s use of νόμος: ‘not written externally in books or on some wooden tablets, but as lively reason functioning within him’ ἔμψυχος ὢν ἐν αὐτῷ λόγῳ; Aristot., EN 4, 8, 10 οἷον ν. ὢν ἑαυτῷ; Diod S 1, 94, 1 ν. ἔγγραπτος; cp. also Ovid, Met. 1, 90 sponte sua sine lege fidem rectumque colebat; Mayor, comm. ‘Notes’ 73.—RHirzel, ΑΓΡΑΦΟΣ ΝΟΜΟΣ 1903.). Some would put ὁ νόμος Js 2:9 here (s. LAllevi, Scuola Cattol. 67, ’39, 529–42), but s. 2b below.—Hermas too, who in part interprets Israel’s legal tradition as referring to Christians, sees the gospel, exhibited in Christ’s life and words, as the ultimate expression of God’s will or ‘law’. He says of Christ δοὺς αὐτοῖς (i.e. the believers) τὸν ν., ὅν ἔλαβε παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ Hs 5, 6, 3, cp. Hs 8, 3, 3. Or he sees in the υἱὸς θεοῦ κηρυχθεὶς εἰς τὰ πέρατα τῆς γῆς, i.e. the preaching about the Son of God to the ends of the earth, the νόμος θεοῦ ὁ δοθεὶς εἰς ὅλον. τ. κόσμον 8, 3, 2. Similarly to be understood are τηρεῖν τὸν ν. 8, 3, 4. ὑπὲρ τοῦ ν. παθεῖν 8, 3, 6. ὑπὲρ τοῦ ν. θλίβεσθαι 8, 3, 7. ἀρνησάμενοι τὸν νόμον ibid. βλασφημεῖν τὸν ν. 8, 6, 2.

② constitutional or statutory legal system, law

ⓐ gener.: by what kind of law? Ro 3:27. ν. τῆς πόλεως the law of the city enforced by the ruler of the city (ν. ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι γραπτός Orig., C. Cels. 5, 37, 2); the penalty for breaking it is banishment Hs 1:5f. τοῖς ν. χρῆσθαι observe the laws 1:3; πείθεσθαι τοῖς ὡρισμένοις ν. obey the established laws Dg 5:10; νικᾶν τοὺς ν. ibid. (νικάω 3). Ro 7:1f, as well as the gnomic saying Ro 4:15b and 5:13b, have been thought by some (e.g. BWeiss, Jülicher) to refer to Roman law, but more likely the Mosaic law is meant (s. 3 below).

ⓑ specifically: of the law that Moses received from God and is the standard according to which membership in the people of Israel is determined (Diod S 1, 94, 1; 2: the lawgiver Mneves receives the law from Hermes, Minos from Zeus, Lycurgus from Apollo, Zarathustra from the ἀγαθὸς δαίμων, Zalmoxis from Hestia; παρὰ δὲ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις, Μωϋσῆς receives the law from the Ἰαὼ ἐπικαλούμενος θεός) ὁ ν. Μωϋσέως Lk 2:22; J 7:23; Ac 15:5. ν. Μωϋσέως Ac 13:38; Hb 10:28. Also ὁ ν. κυρίου Lk 2:23f, 39; GJs 14:1. ὁ ν. τοῦ θεοῦ (Theoph. Ant. 2, 14 [p. 136, 4]) Mt 15:6 v.l.; Ro 8:7 (cp. Tat. 7, 2; 32, 1; Ath. 3:2). ὁ ν. ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν, αὐτῶν etc. J 18:31; 19:7b v.l.; Ac 25:8. κατὰ τὸν ἡμέτερον ν. 24:6 v.l. (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 131). ὁ πατρῷος ν. 22:3. τὸν ν. τῶν ἐντολῶν Eph 2:15. Since the context of Ac 23:29 ἐγκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν points to the intimate connection between belief, cult, and communal solidarity in Judean tradition, the term νόμος is best rendered with an hendiadys: (charged in matters) relating to their belief and custom; cp. ν. ὁ καθʼ ὑμᾶς 18:15. Ro 9:31 (CRhyne, Νόμος Δικαιοσύνης and the meaning of Ro 10:4: CBQ 47, ’85, 486–99).—Abs., without further qualification ὁ ν. Mt 22:36; 23:23; Lk 2:27; J 1:17; Ac 6:13; 7:53; 21:20, 28; Ro 2:15 (τὸ ἔργον τοῦ νόμου the work of the law [=the moral product that the Mosaic code requires] is written in the heart; difft. Diod S 1, 94, 1 ν. ἔγγραπτος, s. 1b, above), 18, 20, 23b, 26; 4:15a, 16; 7:1b, 4–7, 12, 14, 16; 8:3f; 1 Cor 15:56; Gal 3:12f, 17, 19, 21a, 24; 5:3, 14; 1 Ti 1:8 (GRudberg, ConNeot 7, ’42, 15); Hb 7:19 (s. Windisch, Hdb. exc. ad loc.), 28a; 10:1; cp. Js 2:9 (s. 1b above); μετὰ τὸν ν. Hb 7:28b; οἱ ἐν τῷ ν. Ro 3:19; κατὰ τὸν ν. according to the (Mosaic) law (Jos., Ant. 14, 173; 15, 51 al.; Just., D. 10, 1) J 19:7b; Ac 22:12; 23:3; Hb 7:5; 9:22. παρὰ τ. νόμον contrary to the law (Jos., Ant. 17, 151, C. Ap. 2, 219; Ath. 1, 3 παρὰ πάντα ν.) Ac 18:13.—νόμος without the art. in the same sense (on the attempt, beginning w. Origen, In Ep. ad Ro 3:7 ed. Lomm. VI 201, to establish a difference in mng. betw. Paul’s use of ὁ νόμος and νόμος s. B-D-F §258, 2; Rob. 796; Mlt-Turner 177; Grafe [s. 3b below] 7–11) Ro 2:13ab, 17, 23a, * 25a; 3:31ab; 5:13, 20; 7:1a (s. above); Gal 2:19b; 5:23 (JRobb, ET 56, ’45, 279f compares κατὰ δὲ τῶν τοιούτων οὐκ ἔστι νόμος Aristot., Pol. 1284a). δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται, ἀνόμοις δὲ … 1 Ti 1:9. Cp. ἑαυτοῖς εἰσιν νόμος Ro 2:14 (in Pla., Pol. and in Stoic thought the wise person needed no commandment [Stoic. III 519], the bad one did; MPohlenz, Stoa ’48/49 I 133; II 75). Used w. prepositions: ἐκ ν. Ro 4:14; Gal 3:18, 21c (v.l. ἐν ν.); Phil 3:9 (ἐκ νόμου can also mean corresponding to or in conformity with the law: PRev 15, 11 ἐκ τῶν νόμων); cp. ἐκ τοῦ νόμου Ro 10:5. διὰ νόμου Ro 2:12b; 3:20b; 4:13; 7:7b; Gal 2:19a, 21; ἐν ν. (ἐν τῷ ν. Iren. 3, 11, 8 [Harv. II 49, 9]) Ro 2:12a, 23; Gal 3:11, 21c v.l.; 5:4; Phil 3:6. κατὰ νόμον 3:5; Hb 8:4; 10:8 (make an offering κατὰ νόμον as Arrian, Anab. 2, 26, 4; 5, 8, 2); χωρὶς ν. Ro 3:21a; 7:8f; ἄχρι ν. 5:13a. ὑπὸ νόμον 6:14f; 1 Cor 9:20; Gal 3:23; 4:4f, 21a; 5:18 (cp. Just., D. 45, 3 οἱ ὑπὸ τὸν ν.).—Dependent on an anarthrous noun παραβάτης νόμου a law-breaker Ro 2:25b ( 27b w. art.); Js 2:11. ποιητὴς ν. one who keeps the law 4:11d (w. art. Ro 2:13b). τέλος ν. the end of the law Ro 10:4 (RBultmann and HSchlier, Christus des Ges. Ende ’40). πλήρωμα ν. fulfilment of the law 13:10. ν. μετάθεσις a change in the law Hb 7:12. ἔργα ν. Ro 3:20a, 28; 9:32 v.l.; Gal 2:16; 3:2, 5, 10a.—(ὁ) ν. (τοῦ) θεοῦ Ro 7:22, 25a; 8:7 because it was given by God and accords w. his will. Lasting Mt 5:18; Lk 16:17 (cp. Bar 4:1; PsSol 10:4; Philo, Mos. 2, 14; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 277).—Used w. verbs, w. or without the art.: ν. ἔχειν J 19:7a; Ro 2:14 (ApcSed 14:5). πληροῦν ν. fulfill the law Ro 13:8; pass. Gal 5:14 (Mel., P. 42, 291). πληροῦν τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦ ν. fulfill the requirement of the law Ro 8:4. φυλάσσειν τὸν ν. observe the law Ac 21:24; Gal 6:13. τὰ δικαιώματα τοῦ ν. φυλάσσειν observe the precepts of the law Ro 2:26; διώκειν ν. δικαιοσύνης 9:31a; πράσσειν ν. 2:25a. ποιεῖν τὸν ν. J 7:19b; Gal 5:3; Ro 2:14b, s. below; τὸν ν. τηρεῖν Js 2:10. τὸν ν. τελεῖν Ro 2:27. φθάνειν εἰς ν. 9:31b. κατὰ ν. Ἰουδαϊσμὸν ζῆν IMg 8:1 v.l. is prob. a textual error (Pearson, Lghtf., Funk, Bihlmeyer, Hilgenfeld; Zahn, Ign. v. Ant. 1873 p. 354, 1 [difft. in Zahn’s edition] all omit νόμον as a gloss and are supported by the Latin versions; s. Hdb. ad loc.). τὰ τοῦ ν. ποιεῖν carry out the requirements of the law Ro 2:14b (ApcSed 14:5; FFlückiger, TZ 8, ’52, 17–42). καταλαλεῖν νόμου, κρίνειν ν. Js 4:11abc. ἐδόθη ν. Gal 3:21a.—Pl. διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν Hb 8:10; cp. 10:16 (both Jer 38:33).—Of an individual stipulation of the law ὁ νόμος τοῦ ἀνδρός the law insofar as it concerns the husband (Aristot., Fgm. 184 R. νόμοι ἀνδρὸς καὶ γαμετῆς.—SIG 1198, 14 κατὰ τὸν νόμον τῶν ἐρανιστῶν; Num 9:12 ὁ ν. τοῦ πάσχα; Philo, Sobr. 49 ὁ ν. τῆς λέπρας) Ro 7:2b; cp. 7:3 and δέδεται νόμῳ vs. 2a (on the imagery Straub 94f); 1 Cor 7:39 v.l.—The law is personified, as it were (Demosth. 43, 59; Aeschin. 1, 18; Herm. Wr. 12, 4 [the law of punishment]; IMagnMai 92a, 11 ὁ ν. συντάσσει; b, 16 ὁ ν. ἀγορεύει; Jos., Ant. 3, 274) J 7:51; Ro 3:19.

③ a collection of holy writings precious to God’s people, sacred ordinance

ⓐ in the strict sense the law=the Pentateuch, the work of Moses the lawgiver (Diod S 40, 3, 6 προσγέγραπται τοῖς νόμοις ἐπὶ τελευτῆς ὅτι Μωσῆς ἀκούσας τοῦ θεοῦ τάδε λέγει τ. Ἰουδαίοις=at the end of the laws this is appended: this is what Moses heard from God and is telling to the Jews. ὁ διὰ τοῦ ν. μεταξὺ καθαρῶν καὶ ἀκαθάρτων διαστείλας θεός Iren. 3, 12, 7 [Harv. II 60, 3]; cp. Hippol., Ref. 7, 34, 1) τὸ βιβλίον τοῦ νόμου Gal 3:10b (cp. Dt 27:26). Also simply ὁ νόμος (Jos., Bell. 7, 162 ὁ ν. or 2, 229 ὁ ἱερὸς ν. of the holy book in a concrete sense) Mt 12:5 (Num 28:9f is meant); J 8:5; 1 Cor 9:8 (cp. Dt 25:4); 14:34 (cp. Gen 3:16); Gal 4:21b (the story of Abraham); Hb 9:19. ὁ ν. ὁ ὑμέτερος J 8:17 (cp. Jos., Bell. 5, 402; Tat. 40, 1 κατὰ τοὺς ἡμετέρους ν.). ἐν Μωϋσέως νόμῳ γέγραπται 1 Cor 9:9. καθὼς γέγραπται ἐν νόμῳ κυρίου Lk 2:23 (γέγραπται ἐν νόμῳ as Athen. 6, 27, 23c; IMagnMai 52, 35 [III B.C.]; Mel., P. 11, 71; cp. Just., D. 8, 4 τὰ ἐν τῷ ν. γεγραμμένα); cp. vs. 24. ἔγραψεν Μωϋσῆς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ J 1:45 (cp. Cercidas [III B.C.], Fgm. 1, 18f Diehl² [=Coll. Alex. p. 204, 29=Knox p. 196] καὶ τοῦθʼ Ὅμηρος εἶπεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι).—The Sacred Scriptures (OT) referred to as a whole in the phrase ὁ ν. καὶ οἱ προφῆται (Orig., C. Cels. 2, 6, 4; cp. Hippol., Ref. 8, 19, 1) the law (הַתּוֹרָה) and the prophets (הַנְּבִיאִים) Mt 5:17; 7:12; 11:13; 22:40; Lk 16:16; Ac 13:15; 24:14; 28:23; Ro 3:21b; cp. Dg 11:6; J 1:45. τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ ν. Μωϋσέως καὶ τοῖς προφήταις καὶ ψαλμοῖς Lk 24:44.

ⓑ In a wider sense=Holy Scripture gener., on the principle that the most authoritative part gives its name to the whole (ὁ ν. ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 15]): J 10:34 (Ps 81:6); 12:34 (Ps 109:4; Is 9:6; Da 7:14); 15:25 (Ps 34:19; 68:5); 1 Cor 14:21 (Is 28:11f); Ro 3:19 (preceded by a cluster of quotations fr. Psalms and prophets).—Mt 5:18; Lk 10:26; 16:17; J 7:49.—JHänel, Der Schriftbegriff Jesu 1919; OMichel, Pls u. s. Bibel 1929; SWesterholm, Studies in Religion 15, ’86, 327–36.—JMeinhold, Jesus u. das AT 1896; MKähler, Jesus u. das AT² 1896; AKlöpper, Z. Stellung Jesu gegenüber d. Mos. Gesetz, Mt 5:17–48: ZWT 39, 1896, 1–23; EKlostermann, Jesu Stellung z. AT 1904; AvHarnack, Hat Jesus das atl. Gesetz abgeschafft?: Aus Wissenschaft u. Leben II 1911, 225–36, SBBerlAk 1912, 184–207; KBenz, D. Stellung Jesu zum atl. Gesetz 1914; MGoguel, RHPR 7, 1927, 160ff; BBacon, Jesus and the Law: JBL 47, 1928, 203–31; BBranscomb, Jes. and the Law of Moses 1930; WKümmel, Jes. u. d. jüd. Traditionsged.: ZNW 33, ’34, 105–30; JHempel, D. synopt. Jesus u. d. AT: ZAW 56, ’38, 1–34.—Lk-Ac: JJervell, HTR 64, ’71, 21–36.—EGrafe, D. paulin. Lehre vom Gesetz² 1893; HCremer, D. paulin. Rechtfertigungslehre 1896, 84ff; 363ff; FSieffert, D. Entwicklungslinie d. paul. Gesetzeslehre: BWeiss Festschr. 1897, 332–57; WSlaten, The Qualitative Use of νόμος in the Pauline Ep.: AJT 23, 1919, 213ff; HMosbech, Pls’ Laere om Loven: TT 4/3, 1922, 108–37; 177–221; EBurton, ICC, Gal 1921, 443–60; PFeine, Theol. des NT⁶ ’34, 208–15 (lit.); PBenoit, La Loi et la Croix d’après S. Paul (Ro 7:7–8:4): RB 47, ’38, 481–509; CMaurer, D. Gesetzeslehre des Pls ’41; PBläser, D. Gesetz b. Pls ’41; BReicke, JBL 70, ’51, 259–76; GBornkamm, Das Ende d. Gesetzes ’63; HRaisänen, Paul and the Law² ’87; PRichardson/SWesterholm, et al., Law in Religious Communities in the Rom. Period, ’91 (Torah and Nomos); MNobile, La Torà al tempo di Paolo, alcune ri-flessioni: Atti del IV simposio di Tarso su S. Paolo Apostolo, ed. LPadovese ’96, 93–106 (lit. 93f, n. 1).—Dodd 25–41.—B. 1358; 1419; 1421. DELG s.v. νέμω Ic. Schmidt, Syn. I 333–47. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

1 to devastate.

2 to desolate, to destroy, to devastate, to lay flat.

Los vientos desolaron el bosque The winds desolated the forest.

3 to raze, to level with ground, to strip.

Los tractores asolaron la tierra The tractors razed the land.

4 to vanquish.

* * *

Conjugation model [ CONTAR], like link=contar contar

► verbo transitivo

1 (epidemia) to ravage; (ejército) to lay waste to, raze; (incendio, tempestad) to devastate

* * *

* * *

= asolanar

VT to raze, raze to the ground, destroy

asolarse

* * *

verbo transitivo guerra/huracán/sequía to devastate

* * *

= plague, devastate, lay + waste to, desolate.

Ex. Title indexes have always been plagued by the absence of terminology control.

Ex. The article 'Sorting a mountain of books' relates how when the law library was devastated by fire what had been a library became a jumble of 100,000 books and periodicals.

Ex. The mutilation of periodicals is laying waste to vital and expensive periodical collections in all kinds of library across the USA, and it seems to strike academic libraries with particular virulence.

Ex. You cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs; you cannot destroy the practices of barbarism which for centuries have desolated Africa without the use of force.

* * *

verbo transitivo guerra/huracán/sequía to devastate

* * *

* * *

asolar [A1 ] or [ A10 ]

«guerra/huracán/sequía» to devastate

el terremoto asoló la ciudad the earthquake devastated the town

un país asolado por el hambre a country ravaged o devastated by hunger

* * *

* * *

asolar vt

to devastate

* * *

v/t devastate

* * *

asolar {19} vt

: to devastate, to destroy

1 to tap.

El tipo interviene el proyecto The guy tap the project.

2 to seize (incautarse de).

3 to audit (finance) (cuentas).

La contraloría interviene a la empresa The comptroller audits the company.

4 to take part.

intervino en varias películas cómicas (en discusión, debate) she appeared in several comedy films

en la evolución de la economía intervienen muchos factores several different factors play a part in the state of the economy

después del presidente intervino el Sr. Ramírez Mr Ramirez spoke after the president

5 to intervene (interferir, imponer el orden).

El juez interviene a veces The judge intervenes sometimes.

6 to operate on, to perform surgery on, to make an intervention on.

Te interviene el Dr. Pérez Dr. Perez makes an operation on you.

7 to take over, to take control of, to take over the operation of.

El socio interviene la empresa The associate takes over the operation of..

8 to confiscate, to seize.

La corte interviene sus bienes The court seized his belongings.

* * *

Conjugation model [ VENIR], like link=venir venir

► verbo intransitivo

1 (tomar parte) to take part (en, in); (mediar) to intervene

2 (interrumpir) to intervene

3 (hablar) to speak (en, at)

► verbo transitivo

1 MEDICINA to operate on

2 (alijo, mercancía) to seize

3 (teléfono) to tap

4 (cuentas) to audit

* * *

1) to intervene

2) take part

3) operate

* * *

1. VI

1) (=tomar parte) to take part

2) (=injerirse) to intervene

3) (=mediar)

2. VT

1) (=controlar) to take over, take control of

2) (Com) [+ cuenta] to audit; [+ banco, empresa] to take into administration; [+ cuenta, bienes] to freeze

3) (Med) to operate on

4) [+ droga, armas, patrimonio, bienes] to confiscate, seize

5) [+ teléfono] to tap

* * *

verbo intransitivo

a) (en debate, operación) to take part; ( en espectáculo) to appear, perform

b) ( mediar) to intervene, intercede (frml)

c) ( tomar parte) to intervene

1)

a) < teléfono> to tap

b) ( tomar control de) < empresa> to place... in administration

c) ( inspeccionar) < cuentas> to audit, inspect

d) <armas/droga> to seize, confiscate

e) (AmL) <universidad/emisora> to take over the running of, take control of

2) ( operar) to operate on

* * *

= go into, have + a hand in, step in, intervene, jump in, obtrude (into), cut in, mediate, intersect, come into + play, call into + play, wiretap [wire-tap], weigh in, chime in.

Ex. As something you may or may not know, every item going into the processing stream is assigned a priority, and our judgment will in many cases be different from yours, as our needs will be different from yours.

Ex. For the benefit of all users of the thesaurus who have not had a hand in its initial compilation some written record describing the anticipated use of the thesaurus is valuable.

Ex. Furthermore, children can be misled by group influences into reading truly pernicious material (hard core ponography, for example) and when this happens adults have a clear responsibility to step in and do something about it.

Ex. And again, this is a point at which the teacher may need to intervene to provide examples.

Ex. The unhappy tendency among teachers -- an occupational neurosis -- is to jump in too early and too often, especially if the talk wanders from direct comments about books under consideration.

Ex. The librarian will provide whatever help is required without obtruding into the process.

Ex. 'I'm not sure what 'arbitrary and capricious' means,' Stanton cut in reasonably.

Ex. School library media professionals who mediate in the learning experiences of students must be well informed critical thinkers.

Ex. Contingency plans can be devised to intersect at several points on this time continuum.

Ex. There are, of course, all sorts of other considerations which come into play in determining the income which a publisher might obtain from a book.

Ex. Ethical principles are called into play when deliberating about values, particularly when values run into conflict.

Ex. The implementation of this system would enable law enforcement agencies to wiretap all digital communication.

Ex. If Division VIII is best positioned to weigh in on terminology, Division VIII should do so and the rest of us should follow that lead.

Ex. A few members of this list have done this, so wait for them to chime in here.

----

* intervenir con = chime in with.

* intervenir en un conflicto = enter + conflict.

* que intervienen = at play.

* si no intervienen otros factores = ceteris paribus, all (other) things being equal.

* * *

verbo intransitivo

a) (en debate, operación) to take part; ( en espectáculo) to appear, perform

b) ( mediar) to intervene, intercede (frml)

c) ( tomar parte) to intervene

1)

a) < teléfono> to tap

b) ( tomar control de) < empresa> to place... in administration

c) ( inspeccionar) < cuentas> to audit, inspect

d) <armas/droga> to seize, confiscate

e) (AmL) <universidad/emisora> to take over the running of, take control of

2) ( operar) to operate on

* * *

* * *

intervenir [ I31 ]

1 (en un debate) to take part; (en un espectáculo) to appear, perform; (en una operación) to take part

2 (mediar) to intervene, intercede ( frml)

intervino ante el director a nuestro favor she intervened o interceded on our behalf with the director

en mi decisión han intervenido muchos factores many factors have had a bearing on my decision

3 (involucrarse, inmiscuirse) to intervene, get involved

no pensamos intervenir en los problemas internos de otros países we do not intend intervening o getting involved in the internal affairs of other countries

los profesores tuvieron que intervenir en la pelea the teachers had to intervene to stop the fight

no quiso intervenir en la pelea he didn't want to get involved in the fight

1 ‹teléfono› to tap

2 (tomar control de) ‹empresa› to place … in administration

3 (inspeccionar) ‹cuentas› to audit, inspect

4 ‹armas/droga› to seize, confiscate

5 ( AmL) ‹universidad/emisora› to take over the running of, take control of

B (operar) to operate on

fue intervenido en una clínica privada he had his operation o he was operated on o he underwent surgery in a private clinic

* * *

a) (en debate, operación) to take part;

b) ( mediar) to intervene, intercede (frml);

◊ en mi decisión intervinieron muchos factores there were many factors involved in my decision;

a) ‹ teléfono› to tap

b) ( tomar control de) ‹ empresa› to place … in administration

c) ( inspeccionar) ‹ cuentas› to audit, inspect

d) ‹armas/droga› to seize, confiscate

◊ fue intervenido en una clínica privada he underwent surgery in a private clinic

* * *

♦ vt

1. [operar]

2. Com [cuentas] to audit

3. [teléfono, línea] to tap;

4. [incautarse de] to seize

5. Am [institución privada] to put into administration

♦ vi

1. [participar] to take part (en in); [en pelea, discusión] to get involved (en in);

en la evolución de la economía intervienen muchos factores several different factors play a part in the state of the economy;

después del presidente intervino el Sr. Ramírez Mr Ramirez spoke after the president;

yo quisiera intervenir para decir que no estamos de acuerdo con la propuesta I would just like to say something: we do not agree with the proposal;

¿alguien más quisiera intervenir sobre esta cuestión? would anyone else like so say something on this issue?

2. [interferir, imponer el orden] to intervene (en in);

3. [mediar] to intervene, to intercede;

su padre intervino ante su madre para que lo dejara salir his father spoke to his mother to persuade her to let him go out;

la ONU intervino para lograr un acuerdo the UN intervened o interceded in order to get an agreement

4. [operar]

* * *

I v/i intervene; en debate, congreso take part, participate; en película, espectáculo appear

II v/t

1 TELEC tap

2 contrabando seize

3 MED operate on

* * *

intervenir {87} vi

1) : to take part

2) interceder: to intervene, to intercede

intervenir vt

1) : to control, to supervise

2) : to audit

3) : to operate on

4) : to tap (a telephone)

* * *

intervenir vb

1. (interponerse) to intervene

2. (tomar parte) to take part [pt. took; pp. taken]

3. (operar) to operate on